Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 34

Assignment Example These fresh looks at my paper and professor comments have allowed me to achieve better papers. I now have the confidence to turn in professional college papers. Referencing was another aspect of this course that really helped me. Every course I take in my current and future educational career will require college level referencing. The referencing became easier with each paper. I have learned skills that will help me complete papers in my other classes. Since I now know the referencing system and how to cite without plagiarizing, I look forward to assigned papers. Learning referencing has given me the confidence to turn papers, essays, and other assignments without worrying about being a plagiarist. Finally, the discovery that I can interpret literature has surprised me. During high school literature bored me. I can honestly say that the reading in this course has intrigued me. I see literature in a different light. It is no longer boring words written by authors, but stories that I can really get into. This course has allowed me to learn basic essentials that I need for other classes in my educational career. Without proofreading, editing, referencing, and interpretation, my education would be a struggle. I am glad for the opportunity to learn these aspects of the English

Paul’s Teachings Essay Example for Free

Paul’s Teachings Essay 1. Essay on the Epistle to the Galatians The New Testament Book Epistle to the Galatians is ascribed by the Catholic Church to St. Paul but now believed to be written by early Christian missionary Paul of Tarsus to the early Christian communities in Galatia, then a Roman province. It was an intensely personal letter wherein Paul primarily tackled the circumcision issue during those early days of Christianity. The issue of circumcising Gentile converts, considered to be culturally offensive to Romans, was then being hotly debated. In the Epistle, Paul cautions against the introduction of Jewish practices, such as circumcision, into the community of Christians. The circumcision debate written in Galatians was important for St. Paul because he wanted to point out to the Gentiles that the prescriptions that regulated the day-to-day lives of the Jews under the Law of Moses are meant to lead men to salvation through Christ. Some Galatian converts or Judaizers at that time insisted that observance of the Law, including circumcision, abstinence and certain ritual purifications, was prerequisite to being good or perfect Christians. During the Old Testament, circumcision served as a mans public pledge to the complete observance of Mosaic Law. In Pauls argument against circumcision, he mentions Old Testament figures such as Abraham, Isaac, Ishmael, Sarah and Hagar in order to explain and illustrate what it means to follow Gods advice ( 4:21, Galatians). Using the story of the birth of Isaac and Ishmael, Paul stresses that Christians should genuinely believe and follow all of Gods advise, not only religious traditions but more so, following the examples of Christ. In addressing the circumcision issue in the Epistle, Paul thereby explains that by itself, the Mosaic Law had no power to save because salvation needs individual faith and the grace of Jesus. 2. Essay on the Books of Timothy I, Timothy II and Titus The New Testament Books First Epistle to Timothy, Second Epistle to Timothy and Epistle to Titus are three Pastoral Epistles attributed to St. Paul but now believed to be from Paul of Tarsus. They are collectively termed as the Pastoral Epistles chiefly because the letters are addressed to pastors or heads of the early Church regarding proper handling of the ministry. Together, the Epistles instruct the Bishop Timothy and the Christian worker Titus on the general principles regarding community order and faith. Specifically, the greater part of the Timothy I is devoted to instructions on the proper ordering of Christian community life for it to function smoothly. It also admonishes Timothy on the duties of the bishops and deacons in terms of preaching, praying in public and care for the Church members. Timothy II, on the other stresses the faithful dispensing of the responsibilities by church leaders and provides encouragement to the Bishop. The Pastoral Epistles talk of the proper conduct of both men and women; proper behavior when inside the Church; respect for old and young people; treatment of elderly and rules for the enrollment of widows and other prescriptions for good and Christian behavior. They also talk of how to remain steadfast in faith by rejecting false teachings and safeguarding the truths in the Church. Such is a suggestion of the pressures against and the corresponding struggles to strengthen the faith within the community. The administrative activities, especially as found in Timothy I tell us that the early Church then was already, or at least beginning to be, structured and orderly and made up of united members. This is seen, for one, in the discussion on the selection of church leaders. These three Epistles definitely communicate to us the difficulties of the early Church. The part in Timothy II wherein Paul exhorted the Bishop to be patient in the face of persecution is best illustrates the serious problems they encountered. The recommendations in the Timothy I and Titus regarding the kind of character needed for the leaders of the Church suggest the earnest efforts to build and fortify what we know now to be a heavily challenged Church back then. In gist, Timothy I and II and Titus portray the picture of the Christian community during the incipient period of the Church. The Books show that times were hard but that the early Christians, herein guided by Paul, mustered their faith and effort for the ministry.

Basic Firewall Operation Computer Science Essay

Basic Firewall Operation Computer Science Essay A firewall is a piece of software or hardware that filters all network  traffic between the computer, local network or commercial network and  Internet.  Firewall is a component of a computer system or network  designed to block unauthorized access while  allowed   communication.  It is a device or group of devices  configured  deny, encrypt, decrypt, or proxy all (inside and outside) traffic  team  between different security domains based on a set   Firewalls can be implemented in hardware or  software,  or  a combination of both.  A firewall can be few rules  determine what traffic is  being permitted inside or outside your home network.  Depending on the  type  firewall in place, access to certain  IP addresses or domain  names, or you can block certain types of traffic by blocking  of  TCP / IP  the ports they use.  There are basically four mechanisms used by servers  security limit  traffic.  A device or program can use more than one of these in  relationship  together for more depth protection.  The four mechanisms  of  packet filtering, circuit-level gateway, the  proxy-server and application  Gateway. However, Firewall has some drawbacks.  Initial equipment cost is the main factor that determines the  Better communication technology network security  required.  The firewall cannot protect against attacks that bypass  firewall.  To  For example, dial-in and dial-out access.  The firewall does not protect against internal threats.  The firewall cannot protect against transmission of the virus  infection  programs or files.  It would be impractical and perhaps  impossible to scan  all incoming files, emails and messages for  virus   Time to time, the use of cheaper Internet and  links  much faster.  This leaves many people always want to  use long time. It is  increasing the exposure of computers to various  threats   Internet.  When using an anti-virus software protects  computers  viruses, not other forms of Internet intruders.  A server  Safety  bodyguard keep between your computer and the Internet,  decide what doors to open, and that can come Overview of Firewall -II A firewall examines all traffic sent between two networks to see if it meets certain criteria. If so, is routed between the networks, otherwise it stops. A firewall filters incoming and outgoing traffic. You can also manage public access to private networked resources such as host applications. It can be used to record all attempts to enter the private network and trigger alarms when hostile or unauthorized entry attempt. Firewalls can filter packets based on their source and destination addresses and port numbers. This is known as address filtering. Firewalls can also filter specific types of network traffic. This is also known as protocol filtering because the decision to forward or reject traffic depends on the protocol used, such as HTTP, FTP or Telnet. Firewalls can also filter traffic by packet attribute or state. A firewall cannot prevent individual users with modems to dial in or outside the network without going through the firewall at all. Employee misconduct or negligence cannot be controlled by firewalls. Policies regarding use and misuse of passwords and user accounts must be strictly enforced. These are management issues that must be asked in the planning of any security policy, but cannot be solved with firewalls alone. [5] 2.1Advantages of Firewalls Firewalls have a number of advantages. They can stop incoming requests for services, fundamentally insecure, as may be prohibited or rlogin RPC services such as NFS. They can control access to other services such as bars appellants from certain IP addresses, use the filtering service (incoming and outgoing), for example, to stop hiding information about FTP, in writing, for example, allowing access only to certain directories or systems Are more profitable than ensuring every guest on the corporate network, as it is often only one or a few systems firewall concentrate. They are safer for every guest, because of the complexity of the software on the machine which makes it easier for security holes appear. 2.2 Disadvantages of Firewalls Firewalls are not the alpha and omega of network security. They have some disadvantages, such as: It is a focal point for attack, and if a hacker penetrates the firewall that can have unlimited access to the corporate network. You can prevent legitimate users access to services of value, for example, business users will not be released to the web or when working outside the home to a business user can not access the organization track network. No protection against attacks from the back door, in May and encourage users enter and exit through the door, especially if the restrictions are too severe service. Examples of entry points to the back door of the network business are: modems, and import and export unit. The security policy should cover such aspects as well. They can be a bottleneck for the flow, since all connections must pass through the firewall system. Firewall systems themselves can not protect the network against smuggling of import or export of material to prohibit such game programs firewalls as attachments to email messages. Smuggling could also be an important source of infection if users download software from external newsletters recent Melissa virus and the Love Bug have been smuggled into the e-mails to unknown recipients. This is an area that security policy must be addressed. There are software programs that can help in this instance MIMEsweeper runs on the firewall and monitoring of e-mail attachments before you let them pass. It will remove potentially dangerous attachments or prevent the mail from all over. The main disadvantage of a firewall is that it protects against the aggressor inside. Like most computer crimes are perpetrated by corporate internal users, a firewall offers little protection against this threat. For example, an employee may not be able to email sensitive data on the site, but may be able to copy on a floppy and after it. Therefore, organizations need to balance the amount of time and money they spend on the firewall with one on other aspects of information security. [3] Firewall function III There are two methods of denial of access used by firewalls. A firewall may allow all traffic through unless it meets certain criteria, or you can deny all traffic unless it meets certain criteria (see Figure 3.1). The type of criteria used to determine whether to allow traffic through varies from one type of firewall to another. Firewalls may be concerned about the type of traffic, or source or destination addresses and ports. They can also use complex rule bases that analyze the application data to determine whether traffic should be allowed to pass. How a firewall determines what traffic to pass depends on the network layer it operates.[5] Figure 3.1: Basic Firewall Operation Firewall Types IV A real firewall is hardware and software that intercepts data between the Internet and your computer. All data traffic must pass through it, and the firewall allows the data is allowed through the corporate network. Firewalls are typically implemented using one of four major architectures: â‚ ¬Ã‚  Packet Filters â‚ ¬Ã‚  Application Gateways â‚ ¬Ã‚  Circuit -level Gateways â‚ ¬Ã‚  State -full inspection 3.1 Packet Filters The first line of defence in protecting firewalls and most fundamental is the packet filtering firewall. Packet filters operate at the network layer to examine incoming and outgoing packets and applying a fixed set of rules for determining whether packets are allowed to pass. The firewall packet filtering is generally very fast because it does not take into account some of these data in the packet. Just analyze the header of IP packet, IP addresses, source and destination, and combinations of ports and then applies filtering rules. For example, it is easy to filter all packets destined to port 80, which could be wearing a Web server. The administrator can decide which port 80 is off limits except to certain IP subnets, and a packet filter would suffice. Packet filtering is fast, flexible, transparent (no changes required on the client) and inexpensive. Most routers offer capacities of packet filtering and pure firewall packet filter does not require powerful hardware. This type of filter is commonly used in businesses small and medium enterprises that need to control users can or can not go. IP addresses can be distorted by this type of filter media itself is not sufficient to stop an intruder from accessing your network. However, a packet filter is an important component of a server solution for complete security. [4 vara] Fig 4.1 packet filtering[4] 3.2 Circuit-level Gateways A step above the standard packet filtering firewall, but still considered part of the same architecture, are the gates of the circuit, also known as Stateful Packet Inspection. In the circuit level firewall, all connections are monitored and connections that are deemed valid are allowed to cross the firewall. This usually means that the client behind the firewall can initiate any type of session, but customers outside the firewall can not see or connect to a machine protected by the firewall. State inspections usually occur in the network layer, which makes it fast and preventing suspect packets travel up the protocol stack. Unlike static packet filtering, however, an inspection of State takes decisions on the basis of all data in the packet (which corresponds to all levels of the OSI model). Using this information, the firewall builds dynamic state tables. Use these tables to keep track of connections through the firewall instead of allowing all packets meeting the requirements of all rules to adopt, allows only the packets that are part of a valid connection, prepared social. The firewall packet filtering is popular because they tend to be cheaper, faster and relatively easy to configure and maintain. [4vara] Fig. 7.2: Circuit Proxy 3.3 Application Proxies Working in the implementation of the OSI model, proxy firewall forces all client applications on workstations protected by the firewall to use the firewall as a gateway. The firewall allows each package for each different protocol. There are some drawbacks to using this type of firewall. Each client program must be configured to use a proxy, and not everyone can. In addition, the firewall must have a representative in the same for each type of protocol that can be used. This May, a delay in the implementation of new protocols, if the firewall does not. The penalty paid for this extra level of security is the performance and flexibility. Firewall proxy server processor and large memory to support many simultaneous users, and the introduction of new Internet applications and protocols can often involve long delays, while developing new powers to support them. True proxies are probably the safest, but to impose a surcharge on the network load. Dynamic packet filtering is definitely faster, but the highest end firewall these days are hybrids, incorporating elements of all architectures. [4vara] Fig. 7.3: Application Proxy 3.4 Stateful Inspection The optimal firewall is one that provides the best security with the fastest performance. A technique called Stateful Multi-Layer Inspection (SMLI) was invented to make security tighter while making it easier and less expensive to use, without slowing down performance. SMLI is the foundation of a new generation of firewall products that can be applied across different kinds of protocol boundaries, with an abundance of easy-to-use features and advanced functions. SMLI is similar to an application proxy in the sense that all levels of the OSI model are examined.Instead of using a proxy, which reads and processes each packet through some data manipulation logic, SMLI use traffic-screening algorithms optimized for high-throughput data parsing. With SMLI, each packet is examined and compared against known state (i.e., bit patterns) of friendly packets one of the advantages to SMLI is that the firewall closes all TCP ports and then dynamically opens ports when connections require them. This feature allows management of services that use port numbers greater than 1,023, such as PPTP, which can require added configuration changes in other types of firewalls. Statefu inspection firewalls also provide features such as TCP sequence-number randomization and UDP filtering. [5vara] Fig. 7.4 : Stateful Inspection firewalls inspect in each type Packet Filtering Data link header Internet header Transport header Application header Data Circuit Filtering Data link header Internet header Transport header Application header Data + Connection state Application Gateway Data link header Internet header Transport header Application header Data + Connection state application state Hardware Firewalls and Software Firewalls V 5.1 Hardware Firewalls Hardware firewall can be purchased as a standalone product, but more recently hardware firewalls are typically found in broadband routers, and should be regarded as an important part of your system and network settings, especially for those who have broadband. Hardware firewalls can be effective with little or no configuration, and can protect every machine on a LAN. Most hardware firewalls will have a minimum of four network ports to connect other computers, but for large networks, firewall solutions for enterprise networks are available. A hardware firewall uses packet filtering to examine the packet header to determine their origin and destination. This information is compared to a set of predefined rules or created by the user determine if the packet is sent or deleted.[2] As with any electronic equipment, a user with general computer skills can connect a firewall, adjust a few settings that work. To ensure that the firewall is configured for optimal security and protection, however, consumers certainly have to learn the features of your hardware firewall, to enable them, and how to test your firewall to secure your done a good job of protecting your network. Firewalls are not all equal, and it is important to read the manual and the documentation that came with the product. In addition the manufacturers site will generally have a database or FAQ to get you started. If the terminology is a bit too tech-oriented, you can use my library technical terms to help you get a better understanding of certain terms of technology and equipment is where you configure your hardware firewall. To test the security of your hardware firewall, you can buy third party software or a review of research on the Internet for a free online service that is based on testing of firewalls. Test firewall is an important element of maintenance to ensure that your system is configured for optimal protection provided.[2vara] Figure-1 Hardware Firewall Hardware firewall providing protection to a Local Network [3vara] 2.2 Software Firewalls For users of the detached house, choosing the most popular firewall is firewall software. Firewall software installed on your computer (like any software) and can be customized, allowing some control over its function and protection features. A firewall software to protect your computer from outside attempts to control or access your computer, and your choice of firewall software, you can provide protection against Trojans, the most common or e-mail to. Many software firewalls that the user defined controls for setting up files and share printers and block harmful applications from running on your system. In addition, the firewall software may also include access control, Web filtering and more. The disadvantage of software firewall is that it protects only the computer that are installed, no network, so that each team must have a software firewall is installed. [2] As hardware firewalls are a large number of firewalls to choose from. To begin, we recommend you read the comments of firewall software and search the product website to get some initial information. Because your firewall is always running on your computer, you must take note of system resources will be required to execute and possible incompatibilities with your operating system. A good software firewall will run in the background on your system and use only a small amount of system resources. It is important to monitor firewall software, once installed and to download updates provided by the developer. The differences between software and hardware firewall are enormous and the best protection for your computer and the network is to use both because each offers different, but very necessary for safety and performance. Update your firewall and your operating system is essential to maintain optimal protection because it is proof of your firewall to ensure it is connected and working properly. [2 vara] Figure-2 Computer with Firewall Software Computer running firewall software to provide protection [3 vara] Table 5.1: firewall comparison Advantages Disadvantages Hardware Firewall Operating system independent Not vulnerable to malicious attacks Better performance Focuses on only firewall-related duties Can be single point of failure Higher administrative overhead Higher cost to implement and maintain Software Firewall Less expensive to implement and maintain Lower administrative overhead Dependent upon host operating system Requires additional host hardware, Vulnerable to malicious attacks, Lower performance [6]

The Chocolate War - Transformation of Jerry :: Chocolate War Essays

Why would a person decide to betray the beliefs they had fought so hard for? In Robert Cormiers novel The Chocolate War, the character of Jerry Renault changes drastically from a rebel to a follower in the end. The school gang known as the vigils and his moral beliefs motivates Jerry’s actions. He feels he must take a stand against evil. Jerry can be considered a hero because of his beliefs. In the end however he gives in to the things he fought against and becomes a follower. There are many factors that cause Jerry to act the way he does. The main reason is he forced by the vigils to refuse the chocolates. "When he returned to the school after practice, he found a letter scotch-taped to the door of his locker. A summons from the vigils. Subject: Assignment."(Cormier 62) He is now forced to refuse the school chocolate sale. He now has to face Brother Leon and tell him no which soon gives him insight in to the teachers’ feelings. "His eyes gave him away. His face was always under control but his eyes showed his vulnerability."(Cormier 92) Jerry realizes that Brother Leon is struggling with the candy sale and that he is trying to hide his anger for Jerry’s’ refusal. Jerry knows Brother Leon’s hate for him and his fear of failure with the chocolate sale. "He had met Brother Leon in the corridor late one afternoon after football practice and had seen hate flashing in the teachers eyes. More than hate: something sick." (Cormier 92) J erry knows that Leon hates him for refusing the chocolates but he doesn’t want to give into Leon and take the chocolates. This is what motivates Jerry to become a rebel Webster’s dictionary defines a hero as any man admired for his courage, qualities or exploits, especially in war. Some people attribute the term hero mostly to war. My personal definition of a hero is someone who takes a stand against evil or an unjust cause. The term hero can be applied to anyone, it isn’t necessary to save the world from explosion to be a hero. The act of standing up for a friend can also be called a heroic act. The character of Jerry Renault can easily be classified as a hero in my opinion. Jerry stands up for what he believes is right and says no to Brother Leon. The Chocolate War - Transformation of Jerry :: Chocolate War Essays Why would a person decide to betray the beliefs they had fought so hard for? In Robert Cormiers novel The Chocolate War, the character of Jerry Renault changes drastically from a rebel to a follower in the end. The school gang known as the vigils and his moral beliefs motivates Jerry’s actions. He feels he must take a stand against evil. Jerry can be considered a hero because of his beliefs. In the end however he gives in to the things he fought against and becomes a follower. There are many factors that cause Jerry to act the way he does. The main reason is he forced by the vigils to refuse the chocolates. "When he returned to the school after practice, he found a letter scotch-taped to the door of his locker. A summons from the vigils. Subject: Assignment."(Cormier 62) He is now forced to refuse the school chocolate sale. He now has to face Brother Leon and tell him no which soon gives him insight in to the teachers’ feelings. "His eyes gave him away. His face was always under control but his eyes showed his vulnerability."(Cormier 92) Jerry realizes that Brother Leon is struggling with the candy sale and that he is trying to hide his anger for Jerry’s’ refusal. Jerry knows Brother Leon’s hate for him and his fear of failure with the chocolate sale. "He had met Brother Leon in the corridor late one afternoon after football practice and had seen hate flashing in the teachers eyes. More than hate: something sick." (Cormier 92) J erry knows that Leon hates him for refusing the chocolates but he doesn’t want to give into Leon and take the chocolates. This is what motivates Jerry to become a rebel Webster’s dictionary defines a hero as any man admired for his courage, qualities or exploits, especially in war. Some people attribute the term hero mostly to war. My personal definition of a hero is someone who takes a stand against evil or an unjust cause. The term hero can be applied to anyone, it isn’t necessary to save the world from explosion to be a hero. The act of standing up for a friend can also be called a heroic act. The character of Jerry Renault can easily be classified as a hero in my opinion. Jerry stands up for what he believes is right and says no to Brother Leon.

Character Analysis of Iago Essay

Imagine that you are an evil person. Do you have a reason for being evil? Is there always a logical motivation for villainous behavior? Most of us, even if we were to imagine ourselves as evil would probably also imagine a motivation for being so: a lust for power, greed for money, for revenge, or just anger about our painful or disappointing experiences. However, Shakespeare’s perennially favorite love-to-hate bad-guy, Iago, seems to defy simple interpretation when it comes to dramatic motive. In some ways, Iago’s behavior is so despicable it seems unlikely that any single motivation could be reasoned out from the play’s content that would adequately explain the causes of his villainy. He appears rather as what modern-day psychologists might call a sociopath, which is a person who demonstrates no acknowledgment of moral or ethical responsibility for their actions. Although a motive of sorts is ascribed in the play’s dialogue for Iago’s plot to undo Othello, the basis of revenge is slight. in fact, in order to make Iago a completely unsympathetic character, Shakespeare was careful not to ascribe any viable motive for his desiring revenge against Othello. If the audience perceived that Iago was truly â€Å"wronged, and has cause for vengeance, then he must certainly draw warm sympathy† and this would create a digression from the play’s theme of pride as a tragic flaw. (Rosenberg, 1961, p. 168) Also contrary to the idea that Othello gave Iago genuine provocation for revenge is the fact that Othello is consistently portrayed as virtuous, almost single-mindedly so. This fact is made clear by Iago’s own soliloquy when he reasons out that he is superior to the Moor because he is not susceptible to faith in goodness or virtue: â€Å"the Moor is of a free and open nature / That thinks men honest that but seem to be so†; by contrasting himself with Othello, Iago makes it clear that he, himself, is not given to faith in men or their presumed virtues and he views Othello’s faith as a shortcoming: â€Å"the remark is not a compliment but a contemptuous acknowledgment of Othello’s naivete and foolishness. (Sadowski, 2003, p. 171) Despite Iago’s intentionally devised unsympathetic character, the complexity of Iago is adequate enough to create more than a simple cardboard villain. Though his motives for revenge against Othello may be slight or even ambiguous, the complete realization of Iago as a believable, multifaceted individual is accomplished by Shakespeare in brilliant fashion. An actor playing Iago would have to be careful not to personify Iago as a demonic or outright malicious person, but as a more cleverly masked and complicated person. Instead of acting like a â€Å"thug† or a typical evil-doer, Iago would be more effectively portrayed as a sociopath who is familiar with social mores and laws and moral codes, and in fact uses them to attain his self-interests, but has absolutely no sense of personal ethics or morality whatsoever. If an actor â€Å"tried to portray him purely as a symbol of evil[†¦ ] he would have had to ignore parts of Shakespeare’s complex characterization† because Iago is more than a cardboard villain, he represents Shakespeare’s exploration of a criminally insane personality, a person who is â€Å"all the more sinister for choosing evil rather than simply representing it. Arguably, some of his motives remain unstated, offshoots of a warped and paranoid nature seething with jealousy and envy. † (Hall, 1999, p. 72). Arguing that Iago has chosen to become malicious and evil may sound strange at first, but even the opening of the playsuggests that iago is himself aware of his own dual nature: one side which preceives and udnerstands the laws and moral parameters of the world, what is right and wrong, and another side which is wilfully evil and out to serve only self-interest and revenge. Iago says of himself :†I am not what I am. † This points to a psychologically unstable condition, but a self-aware condition. In this way it is possible to see â€Å"Honest Iago and Villainous Iago are obverse and reverse of the same coin. On the one side, the pure gold of human concern: ‘Sblood, but you’ll not hear me. If ever I did dream of such a matter, Abhor me. (1. 1. 4) (Calderwood, 1989, p. 94) Despite Iago’s complexities of character and the viability of viewing his character as a manifestation of a sociopath , another, less complimentary interpretation for Shakespeare’s complex villain is possible: that Iago functions as â€Å"not much more than a necessary piece of dramatic mechanism;† however, this â€Å"provocative judgment runs counter to most people’s impressions of Iago as a fascinating, multifaceted study in evil. (Hall, 1999, p. 71) That said, it is still a viable criticism of the play that Iago’s multifaceted evil is so dynamic and so all-ecompassing as to go beyond the purely psychological character study nad into actual plot-resolution technical trickery which Shakespeare found necessary to give his play movement and dramatic action. This is a fascinating interpretation, but it seems unlikely in the final analysis because Iago is immediately â€Å"recognizable† to audiences, as though he is somebody we all already know. In fact, he does represent an aspect of ourselves that we all do know and know well, which is the side of us which bases its motives on self-interest and has no feeling for moral obligation or ethical restraint. of course this â€Å"dark side† exists in all of us and must be mastered; when we fail to master our dark side we are sometimes called villains, sometimes â€Å"sociopaths. † Shakespeare’s great genius in the creation of Iago was to produce a character whose immersion in the â€Å"dark side’ was so deep as to create great tragedy, but so realistically rendered that it was universally recognizable as a constant aspect of and threat to human social order. References Calderwood, J. L. (1989). The Properties of Othello. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press. Hall, J. L. (1999). Othello A Guide to the Play. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. Rosenberg, M. (1961). The Masks of Othello The Search for the Identity of Othello, Iago, and Desdemona by Three Centuries of Actors and Critics. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. Sadowski, P. (2003). Dynamism of Character in Shakespeare’s Mature Tragedies. Newark, DE: University of Delaware Press.

Abstract Thinking (4 Tips for Writing an Abstract)

Abstract Thinking (4 Tips for Writing an Abstract) Abstract Thinking (4 Tips for Writing an Abstract) An abstract is a short summary of a larger work, providing a convenient way for readers to quickly comprehend its contents. This makes abstracts an essential part of academic writing. In fact, students and academics have to write abstracts for everything from funding applications and conference papers to PhD dissertations and textbooks. Learning how to write an effective abstract is, therefore, highly advised. 1. Descriptive or Informative? There are two main kinds of abstract: descriptive and informative. A descriptive abstract briefly describes the subject area and issue addressed by a paper. This may include the aims of the research and methods used, but not the results or conclusions. An informative abstract, meanwhile, should do everything that a descriptive abstract does plus outline any results, conclusions and recommendations made by the author. This makes it like a shortened version of the paper, rather than simply a description. Make sure you know what kind of abstract you’ve been asked to write. As a general rule, descriptive abstracts will be shorter (often no more than 100 words), while informative abstracts can be longer (check your style guide or ask your supervisor if you’re unsure). 2. Keywords You may be asked to provide a list of keywords as well as an abstract. These are important terms used for indexing and searching articles, making them vital to your work being found. Even if you’re not required to provide a list of keywords, including important terminology in your abstract is a good way of making it easier to access via databases and search engines. 3. Keeping it Self-Contained An abstract should be self-contained and tell readers everything they need to know before deciding whether to read a work in full. As such, avoid vague statements that require further explanation or confusing terminology that needs defining. One tip here is to have your abstract checked by someone who hasn’t read your work. If they can understand what your research is about from the abstract, you’re on the right track. If they react like this, however, redrafting might be a good idea. (Photo: LaurMG/wikimedia) 4. The Anatomy of an Abstract The exact content of your abstract will depend on the type of abstract you’ve been asked to write. Nevertheless, we can set out a few questions that a good abstract should answer: Motivations – Why is the research important? Why should the reader be interested? Problem – What problem are you addressing? What is the scope of your argument? Methodology – How do you attempt to solve the problem? Which variables are tested? What kind of data is gathered? Results – What results did you achieve? Is there key data that can be included here? Conclusion – What conclusions are drawn on the basis of the findings? Are any recommendations made as a result? If you touch upon all these factors, while being careful to stick to the word limit, you should end up with a high quality abstract suitable for publication.

How Does Poverty Effect A Child Young People Essay Example

How Does Poverty Effect A Child Young People Essay Example How Does Poverty Effect A Child Young People Essay How Does Poverty Effect A Child Young People Essay State parties recognise the right of every kid to a criterion of life adequate for the child`s physical, mental, religious, moral and societal development. ( UN Convention, Article 27 ) ( Daniel, P, 1998, p50 ) There are two definitions of poorness ; absolute and comparative. Absolute poorness refers to a set of criterions which is the same in all states and which does non alter over clip, whereas comparative poorness refers to a criterion which is defined in footings in which the person lives. In Britain we refer to relative poorness when discoursing poorness, harmonizing to End kid poorness. Org ( 2009 ) 4 million kids, one in three, are presently populating in poorness in the UK, hypertext transfer protocol: //www.endpoverty.org/ Any family with an income of less than 60 % of the British Median is classified as in poorness. The official cut off line is ?199 per hebdomad for individual parents and ?283.20 for a two parent household after lodging has been paid ( Gentleman, Amelia, 2009 ) It is frequently argued that if kids are housed, fed and have entree to liberate health care that they have nil to kick about, Hilary Fisher, manager of the run to End Child Poverty would differ saying half Dickensian, half wartime, with images of kids in ill-fitting apparels, is really far from world. Peoples have particularly outdated constructs of British poorness ( Gentleman, Amelia, 2009 ) hypertext transfer protocol: //www.guardian.co.uk/society/2009/mar/18/child-poverty-labour-eradicate-promise Supplying a hebdomad s worth of repasts for three people for ?6.66 a caput is easy one time you work out how, .The gas and electricity payments for the hebdomad have already been made, so she knows the kids will be warm. A female parent s words quoted from an article from The Guardian. She besides rejects the suggestion that her household might be described as hapless. Oh no, she says steadfastly. We get by. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.guardian.co.uk/society/2009/mar/18/child-poverty-labour-eradicate-promise Poverty normally means kids miss out on school trips, do non hold equal winter vesture and are nt able to bask leisure activities with their equals. As a consequence, their instruction suffers doing it hard to acquire the makings they need to travel on to sustainable, well-paid occupations. This limits their possible to gain the money needed to back up their ain households in ulterior life, and so a rhythm of poorness is created. Harmonizing to Rowntree the two most important causes of child poorness are long-run unemployment and the turning figure of low paid occupations. ( Daniel, P, 1998, p59 ) Children who grow up in poorness face a greater hazard of holding hapless wellness, being exposed to offense and neglecting to make their full potency. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.dcsf.gov.uk/everychildmatters/strategy/parents/childpoverty/childpoverty/ Childhood is the most vulnerable clip of life and wellness inequalities can hold permanent effects throughout life. Good wellness in the early old ages lays the foundations for positive development. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.hmg.gov.uk/newopportunities/early_years/priority.aspx Katy Morton says kids populating in poorness are more likely to be corpulent and have hapless dental wellness. ( Nursery World ) . Fleshiness can take to an increased hazard of diabetes, bosom disease, high blood force per unit area, degenerative arthritis and some malignant neoplastic diseases. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.food.gov.uk/science/dietarysurveys/lidnsbranch/ Attachment theory is the joint work of John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth ( Ainsworth A ; Bowlby, 1991 ) . He thereby revolutionized our believing about a kid s tie to the female parent and its break through separation, want, and mourning. Mary Ainsworth contributed the construct of the attachment figure as a unafraid base from which an baby can research the universe. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.psychology.sunysb.edu/attachment/online/inge_origins.pdf. Poverty reduces the parental bond and fond regard between parent and kid, due to the parent being pre-occupied with fiscal jobs, lodging concerns and wellness jobs, harmonizing to surveies of parents in hapless households ( Huston, 199 ; McLoyd, 1990 ; Sampson A ; Laub, 1994 ) ( Rudolph Schaffer, H, p346 ) This could be argued that kids whose parents are out of work and are at place with the kids may hold a better fond regard with their kids due to clip spent at home` the first few months are critical in order for babes to organize healthy attachments.` hypertext transfer protocol: //www.hmg.gov.uk/newopportunities/early_years/priority.aspx These surveies besides suggested that kid that come from poorer places frequently live in a helter-skelter and disorganised mode due to parents being excessively busy with their ain jobs and that kids would more likely to be attracted to playing in the street and are more likely to come to harm within the place and exterior of the place. That parents are more likely to utilize `erratic` and ` disciplinary techniques` to utilize physical penalty on their kids. ( Rudolph Schaffer, H, p346 ) Many kids who face poorness flight harm and develop into well-functioning grownups. ( Rudolph, Schaffer, H, p347 ) Poverty does non ever lead to inadequate parenting but can hold great effects on the children`s ego regard and ego image taking to depression and ineptitude. ( Rudolph, Schaffer, H, p347 ) Childs who have rational, athletic or artistic endowment which leads to fulfilment are more likely to follow acceptable tracts instead than taking into anti-social behavior, force and offense. ( Rudolph, Schaffer, H, p347 ) Where kids who come from poorness their parents may non be able to afford the fees for such activities and non be able to fund the equipment needed, this could ensue in the kid non being able to develop their endowments. ( Rudolph, Schaffer, H, p347 ) It was in 1867 that Thomas Barnado set up the Ragged School and get downing assisting the abused, vulnerable, disregarded and ignored kids of east London and his work still continues today. `Barnardo s vision today is that the lives of all kids and immature people should be free from poorness, maltreatment and favoritism. Barnardo s believe in the abused, the vulnerable, the forgotten and the ignored. We pledge to back up them, stand up for them and convey out the best in each and every child` hypertext transfer protocol: //www.barnardos.org.uk/who_we_are/history.htm A government-commissioned study on wellness inequalities will supply a cardinal influence on future public wellness policy in the UK, harmonizing to Health Secretary Frank Dobson the Acheson study published in 1998 demonstrates the being of wellness disparities and their relationship to societal category, the study calls for an addition in benefits for anticipant female parents as they have unequal diets. There is significant grounds that reduced breast-feeding, small-for-gestational-age birth weight, Fe and I deficiency, and protein-energy malnutrition ( PEM ) are associated with long-run shortages in knowledge and school accomplishment. However, all these conditions are associated with poorness and hapless wellness, harmonizing to a study by S. M. Grantham-McGregor, S. P. Walker and S. Chang hypertext transfer protocol: //journals.cambridge.org/action/displayFulltext? type=1 A ; fid=796168 A ; jid=PNS A ; volumeId=59 A ; issueId=01 A ; aid=796156 Cognitive development are phases that kids have to go through through to understand and do sense of the universe about them as stated by Piaget ( Kehily, M, J, pg, 145, 2009 ) Besides saying that poorness has a disproportional consequence on kids, and kids under two are more expensive to look after than older kids, but Income Support degrees do non reflect this. Furthermore it states that many low income households do non hold adequate money to purchase the points and services necessary for good wellness, intending that money for nutrient is frequently used to run into exigencies. The study calls for more support for schools in disadvantaged countries, better nutrition at schools and wellness promoting schools . Promoting wellness through the course of study, offering free fresh fruit and avoid seting sweet machines on the premises. The study besides states kids from disadvantaged backgrounds achieve less at school than other kids and are more likely to travel on to acquire severely paid occupations or be unemployed. This leads to a barbarous circle of wellness jobs associated with low income and a prolongation of the poorness trap. The hapless are besid es twice every bit likely to hold drink jobs as the rich. Seventeen per cent of hapless work forces and 6 % of hapless adult females has an intoxicant job, compared with 8 % of rich work forces and 3 % of rich adult females. hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/222649.stm Work force and adult females with a lower degree of educational accomplishment tended to hold a less healthy diet harmonizing to consequences from The Low Income Diet and Nutrition Survey ( LIDNS ) . hypertext transfer protocol: //www.food.gov.uk/science/dietarysurveys/lidnsbranch/ In Britain in 1997, one place in every three was classified as a low-income family. With kids being raised in poorness were less likely to go to school on a regular footing, non come oning on to farther instruction and deriving makings to take into employment. Girls were more likely to go immature female parents and to fall into the same rhythm of want as their parents. There is a strong nexus between childhood experiences and grownup life-chances. Former Prime Minister, Tony Blair, pledged in 1999, to stop kid poorness by 2020 with an interim mark to halve child poorness by 2010/11. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.insidegovernment.co.uk/children/child_poverty/ Children life in poorness normally have to populate in hapless lodging conditions, this can take to the kid holding wellness jobs like asthma, bronchitis, life in bad lodging can do terrible ill-health and disablement before they reach in-between age. they are more likely to be absent from school, kid development suffers due to their place being cold and moistness, their chest injuries when they breathe, and non being able to kip at dark, when the warming does non work as an article by lisa Harker provinces. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.guardian.co.uk/society/2006/sep/13/comment.guardiansocietysupplementEvery Child Matters authorities programme for kid public assistance picks out wellness, safety, economic wellbeing, doing a positive part, basking and accomplishing as the critical factors that form kids s lives, there is no expressed acknowledgment of the function that lodging dramas Children s mental wellness is besides affected. Harmonizing to` The Shelter` kids are teased at school because their apparels odor of moistness, which affects assurance and they have low self-esteem. The status of the house makes it hard kids to hold friends round to play, which impacts on their societal development. hypertext transfer protocol: //image.guardian.co.uk/sys-files/Society/documents/2006/09/12/Lifechancereport.pdf In 1999 the Government made it a precedence to eliminate kid poorness within a coevals. The Child Poverty Bill was introduced to supply a statutory footing for the committedness made by the authorities in 1999 to eliminate child poorness by 2020. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.politics.co.uk/legislation/children-and-family/child-poverty-bill- $ 1307945.htm `Sure Start brings together child care, early instruction, wellness and family-support services for households with kids under 5 old ages old. It is the basis of the Government s thrust to undertake child poorness and societal exclusion working with parents-to-be, parents, carers and kids to advance the physical, rational and societal development of babes and immature kids so that they can boom at place and when they get to school.` hypertext transfer protocol: //www.dcsf.gov.uk/everychildmatters/earlyyears/surestart/aboutsurestart/aboutsurestart/ From April 2009 expectant female parents are able to acquire a one-off, tax-exempt payment called the Health in Pregnancy Grant. The grant is a one-off payment of ?190 the money is to assist parents with cost of a new babe. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.hmrc.gov.uk/hipg/what-is-it.htm # 1 besides a manner of promoting pregnant adult females to eat more healthily, to pass more money on fruit and veggies. This was argued by Dr Mark porter from the Times that many female parents to be would pass the grant on `booze` and `fags` instead than on enriching nutrient for their unborn. Recent research has shown that the nutritionary position of the female parent during gestation can hold a profound long-run impact on her unborn babe s wellness. This can change the babe s metamorphosis, for good increasing the likeliness of a scope of jobs in big life, including fleshiness, bosom disease and high blood force per unit area. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_s tyle/health/features/article6086365.ece Anticipant female parents non holding the sufficient vitamin can hold greater hazard of kids developing diabetes, multiple induration and perchance even autism harmonizing to Dr Mark Porter from The Times. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/health/features/article6086365.ece ADHD is associated with kids of low birth weight ; baccy, intoxicant and cocaine maltreatment during gestation although there is small grounds that ADHD can originate strictly out of societal or environmental factors such as poorness, household pandemonium, diet or hapless parent direction ( Barkley, 1990 ) . hypertext transfer protocol: //www.adhdtraining.co.uk/about.php The strong association noted in a survey between maternal mental wellness and childhood ADHD, single-parent households of lower income may be the most affected population. hypertext transfer protocol: //pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/reprint/111/5/S1/1232 The Government introduced the Child Benefit in 1977 replacing household allowances and child revenue enhancement allowances it is a tax-exempt payment that can be claimed for kids. . There are two separate sums, with a higher sum for the eldest ( or merely ) kid of ?20.00 a hebdomad ?13.20 a hebdomad for any other kids. Child Benefit is flat-rate and non age-related. `The instance for age relation is that kids become more expensive as they grow older. ` .http: //www2.rgu.ac.uk/publicpolicy/introduction/socialsecurity.htm? CFID=538533 A ; CFTOKEN=eec3c7817f178fc-6136AFC9-D609-CB06-42FF4E4FAC7FCB18 A ; jsessionid=5030a3ed25e20497a47539430a692d643d45TR Child Trust Fund ( CTF ) is a nest eggs and investing history for kids. Children born on or after 1 September 2002 will have a ?250 verifier to get down their history. The history belongs to the kid and ca nt be touched until they turn 18, so that kids have some money behind them to get down their grownup life. Working Tax Credits was introduced in 1998 with the kid attention revenue enhancement recognition lending to 70 % of child care for most households to assist them back into work. ( Pugh, G, p12, 2010 ) Harmonizing to a study by Steve Doughty, Labours Tax Credits is being blamed for the break-up of households and the doubling of divorce rates in low income households with kids. Curates acknowledge that kids being raised by married twosomes or complete household units are more likely to make better at school, have a better diet and are less likely to turn to offense and unemployment as those kids coming from individual parent households and measure households. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1158700/Tax-credits-DO-help-break-families-Parents-encouraged-divorce-claim-higher-benefits-says-report.html Tax Credits is to fault for the excess 45,000 excess babes born annually harmonizing to research from the Fiscal Studies. With all the aid from the authorities and all the inducement strategies why do kids still populating in poorness, do parents necessitate to be better educated and should kids larn money direction at school. The Government s Every Child Matters Outcomes Framework should be revised to reflect the direct impact that lodging has on all facets of kids s life opportunities

Family Business Transitions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Family Business Transitions - Essay Example This activity generates a significant proportion of the economy in many countries, whereby the enterprises are approaching the point where business owners' are making serious decisions regarding their long term future, this decision impacts, individual businesses, business sector and the whole society. This move results into a widespread interest in various business succession planning. Though this business operates within personal relationships which affect and influence the business concern. When these relationships are central to the operations of the business, then there must be a focus upon the relationship in a successful negotiation of a business transition process. It is not normally easy to have a successful family business transition, since there are many problems associated in this generation to generation transition. This family business includes relationship involving individuals and those involving the business itself. The individual relationship has an impact on transition whereby, the quality of the relationship is vital, whether they are involved directly or indirectly. Most problems occur in this individual relationships where we find the small generation has no desire to take over the family business, this may not be... ion transition process, this includes: Poor communication this can lead to negative emotions evolving during the transition process , there is also a psychological factor under which the perception of the key family stake holders especially those of the highest generation and the lower generation has a crucial influence considering their roles, intentions and attitudes of others within the transition process. Therefore when the low generation is not psychologically prepared to take control over the transition then this makes this process unsuccessful and also when the transition process is not successful then the successor is not psychologically ready to prosper. This makes the incumbents and the successor's mental status very important in judging when the transition should be taken and what requirements are needed for the process to be successful. 2 Also family values influence the business heavily, whereby there happens to be a higher risk for poor long term business performance, this normally occurs when the subject of the business relies on the family needs. Under this case of psychology we find tat during the transition process, the psychological process results into conflicts between individuals, that is between the incumbent and the successor, there is therefore a contradiction arising at the succession, whereby, the successor desires to imitate the incumbent in order to supersede him while seeking independence, this causes an internal conflict for the successor on how to behave, in such a situation , both the incumbent and the successor desire to be a leader thus reinforcing a leader role causing a spiral of conflicts, confusion and confrontation. 3 Many family business issues derive from the different experiences of each family member presenting the

Weak Form Market Efficiency Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Weak Form Market Efficiency - Essay Example However finance theory assumes idealistic models for the stock markets and formulates the investor utility functions and expectations accordingly. These models are based on perfect competition and passage of information in an unfettered manner. As Wikipedia (2007) seems to point out, "In economics and financial theory, analysts use random walk techniques to model behavior of asset prices, in particular share prices on stock markets, currency exchange rates and commodity prices. This practice has its basis in the presumption that investors act rationally and without bias, and that at any moment they estimate the value of an asset based on future expectations. Under these conditions, all existing information affects the price, which changes only when new information comes out. By definition, new information appears randomly and influences the asset price randomly. Empirical studies have demonstrated that prices do not completely follow random walk. Low serial correlations (around 0.05) exist in the short term; and slightly stronger correlations over the longer term. Their sign and the strength depend on a variety of factors, but transaction costs and bid-ask spreads generally make it impossible to earn excess returns. Researchers have found that some of the biggest prices deviations from random walk result from seasonal and temporal patterns. In particular, returns in January significantly exceed those in other months (January effect) and on Mondays stock prices go down more than on any other day. Observers have noted these effects in many different markets for more than half a century, but without succeeding in giving a completely satisfactory explanation for their persistence. Technical analysis uses most of the anomalies to extract information on future price movements from historical data. But some economists, for example Eugene Fama, argu e that most of these patterns occur accidentally, rather than as a result of irrational or inefficient behavior of investors: the huge amount of data available to researchers for analysis allegedly causes the fluctuations. Another school of thought, behavioral finance, attributes non-randomness to investors' cognitive and emotional biases". Taking an apposite viewpoint Leverton () states, "Without market fundamentals being able to predict prices, the investor is forced to learn new ways of investing.. Ratios and trend analysis are important to picking a winning portfolio. Subscribers to the adaptive expectations theory believe investors are backward looking in deciding on the correct price to pay for a stock". Realized and expected rreturns from the stock markets have been the subject of intense debate since a long period of time .Several theories suggesting various constructs and factors responsible for determining the returns from the stocks have been postulated thus far.It was not until the late 1960s and early 1970s that a fully-developed, empirically-supported theory of share prices' behavior emerged in the form of the Efficient Markets Hypothesis (EMH).Prior to the development of the EMH , analysts assumed some degree of dependence across successful price changes. Very many efforts were made towards identifying a predictable trading pattern which could be used for chasing profitable deals. From the mid-1950s to the early 1980s, a random walk theory (RWT) of share prices was developed based on the past empirical evidence of randomness in share price movements. RWT

The Unilever Company Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Unilever Company - Research Paper Example The business model is a very important factor to be considered in any business, and it should be incorporated in the strategic plan of the organization. The business model gives the organization a plan on how it will perform its duties giving the routes to follow through the organizational infrastructure and policies. This gives the idea on how the organization offers services to customers and also the way the customers reward the services offered to them by the organization. It also gives managers foresight about the future of the company hence growth and development are prevalent in the organization. The model gives the general public the knowledge on how the business operates and in the other hand can be used in accounting to give a rim light on the organizational proceedings to the general public. This enhances confidentiality in the organization management by the adjacent customers and hence motivating them and drawing more new customers into the organization. The Unilever Compa ny The Unilever Company is a company that deals with processing goods that are internationally and multi nationally recognized. It was founded through company mergers that lead to a globally recognized company that produces foods, refreshers such as beverages, cleaning agents that are fast washing solutions and other products that are personal care such as lotions and perfumes. It is a company that its goods have been received positively by nations due to their quality. Due to the good business model employed by Unilever Company the revenue allocation for the company is very high in the world's market. Operations and Products The operations of Unilever Company are very admirable because the strategic plan of the company provides measures that boost its performances leading to improved services. This has been enhanced through the world wide branches that have enhanced wider regional support that has helped in the growth of the company. The marketing management of the company has give n a major setback on the Socio – economic profile so as to enroll and attract more customers towards the company. The social economic sector will apply to the website creation so that more customers can access the goods offered by the company online hence improving customer management communication. This will help the management in identifying areas of weakness hence improving on them leading to better and quality services (Tuccillo, 2011). Unilever Company is a company that is branched systematically so that it can reach more customers in each and every country in the world. For that matter, it has national managers who are in charge of a country under the regional management (Armstrong, 2012). These work hand in hand to ensure that the company plans are executed in every country where they are but with respect the rule of law of the country. The business models that are employed by the Unilever Company have favored it through the competitive business market that is overwhel mingly growing competitive. This has led to major support leading to it becoming a multinational company. The other major boost of Unilever Company is the diverse models of goods that they offer (Tuccillo, 2011). They have featured every customer in their target leading to a larger market shares allover the world. The websites and the advertising campaigns that have been carried out through out the world by the company have resulted to better product marketing. Through advertising, more customers get the product's knowledge offered by the organization leading to converting them to be the future customers of the products. All this success has been made possible due to the good financial model that has been developed by the company’

The housing crisis in the U.S Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The housing crisis in the U.S - Coursework Example The current economic malaise in US constitutes an intertwined cobweb of factors hat have triggered a downturn in various economic dimensions and dynamics, on national and international scales. The crisis can be blamed on various factors characterizing the last 20 years period. The medium to short term triggers of the crisis can be traced back to 2005 when house prices surged and started dropping in late 2006.The crisis has burst the housing bubble which has even aggravated the current economic situation in the US which according to economists is already tantamount to a recession. The peak of the crisis heightened particularly remarkably in August 2008 with the U.S treasury declaring the collapsing housing financial system as the highly significant threat to the US economy.The raised foreclosure rates in the 2006-2007 period by US homeowners has resulted in a sub prime, mortgage, hedge and various fiscus dimensions even beyond the housing loaning systems. Many economic analyses have b een misguided in their attempt to break down and unravel the cobweb of factors leading to the build up of the economic and housing crisis held as most phenomenal after the great Depression in the 1970s in the US. Many analysts have attributed the collapse of the global financial system to the destabilisation of the mortgage and housing crisis. Salient provenances of the housing crisis which is inalienable from the economic crisis enlists in its core the lack of feasible and clairvoyant regulatory framework for the moderation and stabilisation as well as sustenance of the financial institutions in the US. The ramifications and ripples of the US economic crisis have swept across global landscapes owing to the long criticized financial system devised after the World wars in which the US economy is the heartbeat of global economic paradigm leaving the entire world susceptible to upheavals rocking the US economy. Root causes Steve Latter (2008) has listed the following as the top six causes of the financial crisis in their perceived order of significance. Although the first three are not directly related to the mortgage and housing paradigms the exploration of the housing or mortgage crisis in the US and in the state of Virginia particularly can not be intact without the streamlining of all variables of the multifaceted problem into perspective. 1. Indefinite and inaccurate regulatory edict which permitted financial firms to move to too high ratios of mortgage-backed securities to collateral debt. 2. The lack of substantial focuses on the banking and financial firms' ratio of assets to debt by banking and financial services company regulators. 3. New accounting regulations crafted Sarbanes Oxley (regulation passed after Enron) were too traditionalist resultantly leading to the undervaluation of assets like mortgage- securities. This in turn caused bank debtors to leverage on the bank. 4. Private companies and their leadership made lending decisions out of greed whilst also flouting money lending standards. This was done in the aims of pulling more interest returns by lending to clients who were in Latter's terms "very risky bets". 5. Consumers borrowed what was more that they could afford. The blame on this aspect can be applied on both the borrowers and the lenders although lenders are overly expected to be firm to principle and economic logic when making lending decisions. 6. Miscalculated financial law promulgations which for instance compelled financial institutions like Fannie Mae to avail more loans to lower income clients which amounted high risk money lending. The unraveling US housing financial system has seen the filing for bankruptcy by various mortgage firms like American Home Mortgage (AHM) which is ranked as the US 10th biggest home loan firm.

Is there a clash of civilizations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Is there a clash of civilizations - Essay Example and its allies, due to the perceived threat of western cultural values, lifestyles, democracy, liberalness, secularism as well as capitalism to the Muslim spiritual customs and dogmas, is indicative of a clash of civilizations between Islam and the west. There is compelling evidence of the ever-broadening gap between the Muslim world and the west, due to unique differences in values that define the two cultural blocks. While there is no single civilization that dominates the world, the western culture and the Islamic culture are perhaps the greatest civilizations of the world, with the latter being the most troublesome. The Muslim world is always antagonizing the west and individuals in the Islamic civilization do not see eye to eye with those in the western civilization on many issues. The assault on Pentagon and New York’s Twin Towers was not only an attack against the United States as a nation, but also an attack on the glorified western society and philosophy in general (Wistrich, 2001). The Muslim terrorists will not relent until they have reduced the western civilization to the ground and only then will they be satisfied that the spread of contemporary western way of life and western values across the world has been con tained. The Muslim world has always been threatened by the U.S. led â€Å"western democracy, freedom of thought, secularism and capitalism, ideals that have been hailed as the epitome of modern civilization and modelled by many nations across the world. As the western nations revel their successful democratization of the rest of the world, the Muslim world frowns at their successes and their hatred grows even further. The longstanding confrontational relationship between the west and the Muslim world does indicate the obvious conflicting interests of the two sides, with each seeking domination of the global world order. The western world, particularly the U.S. and Israel, have been loathed and targeted by the Muslim world since they are

Reading report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reading report - Essay Example Just as a few teachers improve the virtue of youth while others corrupt them, South Side may improve some children and corrupt those other children who are â€Å"left to it by their parents, with no one to educate them about what they are seeing† (Young, 7). All children do not have the mitigating influence of parents who discuss and educate them about the sitcom’s content. Again, many people are like Eichmann, and are â€Å"unable to take another’s standpoint† (Young, 8). In such cases, South Side may not engender critical reflection. It may also make Cartman a role model for those who blindly imitate behavior on television and remain thoughtless and manipulative. Young is right in contending that South Side plays a positive role in philosophy by igniting debate and discussion. South Side may serve as the gadfly which instigates philosophical reflection, but it is definitely not the equivalent of a Socratic

The housing crisis in the U.S Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The housing crisis in the U.S - Coursework Example The current economic malaise in US constitutes an intertwined cobweb of factors hat have triggered a downturn in various economic dimensions and dynamics, on national and international scales. The crisis can be blamed on various factors characterizing the last 20 years period. The medium to short term triggers of the crisis can be traced back to 2005 when house prices surged and started dropping in late 2006.The crisis has burst the housing bubble which has even aggravated the current economic situation in the US which according to economists is already tantamount to a recession. The peak of the crisis heightened particularly remarkably in August 2008 with the U.S treasury declaring the collapsing housing financial system as the highly significant threat to the US economy.The raised foreclosure rates in the 2006-2007 period by US homeowners has resulted in a sub prime, mortgage, hedge and various fiscus dimensions even beyond the housing loaning systems. Many economic analyses have b een misguided in their attempt to break down and unravel the cobweb of factors leading to the build up of the economic and housing crisis held as most phenomenal after the great Depression in the 1970s in the US. Many analysts have attributed the collapse of the global financial system to the destabilisation of the mortgage and housing crisis. Salient provenances of the housing crisis which is inalienable from the economic crisis enlists in its core the lack of feasible and clairvoyant regulatory framework for the moderation and stabilisation as well as sustenance of the financial institutions in the US. The ramifications and ripples of the US economic crisis have swept across global landscapes owing to the long criticized financial system devised after the World wars in which the US economy is the heartbeat of global economic paradigm leaving the entire world susceptible to upheavals rocking the US economy. Root causes Steve Latter (2008) has listed the following as the top six causes of the financial crisis in their perceived order of significance. Although the first three are not directly related to the mortgage and housing paradigms the exploration of the housing or mortgage crisis in the US and in the state of Virginia particularly can not be intact without the streamlining of all variables of the multifaceted problem into perspective. 1. Indefinite and inaccurate regulatory edict which permitted financial firms to move to too high ratios of mortgage-backed securities to collateral debt. 2. The lack of substantial focuses on the banking and financial firms' ratio of assets to debt by banking and financial services company regulators. 3. New accounting regulations crafted Sarbanes Oxley (regulation passed after Enron) were too traditionalist resultantly leading to the undervaluation of assets like mortgage- securities. This in turn caused bank debtors to leverage on the bank. 4. Private companies and their leadership made lending decisions out of greed whilst also flouting money lending standards. This was done in the aims of pulling more interest returns by lending to clients who were in Latter's terms "very risky bets". 5. Consumers borrowed what was more that they could afford. The blame on this aspect can be applied on both the borrowers and the lenders although lenders are overly expected to be firm to principle and economic logic when making lending decisions. 6. Miscalculated financial law promulgations which for instance compelled financial institutions like Fannie Mae to avail more loans to lower income clients which amounted high risk money lending. The unraveling US housing financial system has seen the filing for bankruptcy by various mortgage firms like American Home Mortgage (AHM) which is ranked as the US 10th biggest home loan firm.

Reading report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reading report - Essay Example Just as a few teachers improve the virtue of youth while others corrupt them, South Side may improve some children and corrupt those other children who are â€Å"left to it by their parents, with no one to educate them about what they are seeing† (Young, 7). All children do not have the mitigating influence of parents who discuss and educate them about the sitcom’s content. Again, many people are like Eichmann, and are â€Å"unable to take another’s standpoint† (Young, 8). In such cases, South Side may not engender critical reflection. It may also make Cartman a role model for those who blindly imitate behavior on television and remain thoughtless and manipulative. Young is right in contending that South Side plays a positive role in philosophy by igniting debate and discussion. South Side may serve as the gadfly which instigates philosophical reflection, but it is definitely not the equivalent of a Socratic

Is Google Making Us Stupid Essay Example for Free

Is Google Making Us Stupid Essay Since the development of Google, there has been a vast amount of information available on various topics or subjects. â€Å"Is Google Making Us Stupid?† explains and examines the different ways that the internet has been more useful and beneficial, according to the words of the author, Nicholas Carr. According to the readings, the author represents and expresses his thoughts and ideas using logos. Take for instance when Carr expresses that he once was a scuba diver in a sea of words, but now he zips along like a guy on a jet ski (Carr p. 534). Carr expresses that he once was a person who hardly used the internet but now he is one who uses it on a regular basis, making feels that someone has been tinkering with his brain, making it change. No longer does he enjoy reading a book of any length because he cannot sustain concentration on the book. Carr feels that all the time he now spends online is affecting his abilities to concentrate and recognizes that the Internet has been a useful tool for him to search for information and communicate. Carr notes that, unlike footnotes, links send you to the information rather than just refer to it. Reading is not an instinctive skill the way learning a language is, requiring us to teach our minds to translate symbolic characters into the language we understand. Media and technologies used to learn and practice reading shape the neural circuits of our brains suggest that readers of ideograms used in languages such as Chinese develop a different mental circuitry than readers whose language uses an alphabet. These variations extend across many regions of the brain, including functions that govern memory and the interpretation of visual and auditory stimuli. It is reasonable to assume that circuits woven by the use of the Net will be different from those woven by reading books and other printed matter (Wolf p. 536). Using Google makes it easier for several people to perform functions on a daily basis. Changing the way the world researches and finds answers to several questions with various tabs and several articles, Google is believed by many to not make up stupid. In conclusion to this, several others agree that it may be an untraditional method of research, but it sure does cut down on time.

Choices And Consequences That People Face

Choices And Consequences That People Face Every choice a person makes has consequences, whether they are positive or negative. Many times before a person makes a choice, he/she mentally calculates the cost and benefits of his/her choice. Other times some of the consequences may have not been intended or thought through. The feminist movement is an example of that. While the feminist movement accomplished great things for women, it also hindered women in other areas. Some of the problems related to the ironies of the feminist movement and the mixed message women were receiving. It began to change the way women made choices. Even though the feminist movement affected womens choices, many women have chosen to quit their job in order to raise a family. Because women were able to have jobs during the war, they realized they were no longer content to be housewives. In the 1960s most of the feminist movement was led by radical feminists. They began to fight for reproductive and employment rights. The Equal Pay Act was enacted in 1963. This meant that employers had to give employees the same amount of money for the same job. During this time abortion was made legal in all fifty states (Feminsm). The third round of feminism began in the 1990s. This was led by many types of feminism. It dealt with more than just prejudices against women but also races and economic standing (Feminsm). Feminism has many ironies that can be explored. It helps determine how the feminists made their choices and what they meant by them. Dr. Wendy Walsh, who is a clinical psychologist, has an interesting view on feminism. Even though she is a feminist herself, she believes that it did have negative consequences. She writes, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦feminism didnt liberate femininity. Feminism liberated masculine energy in women. It was a masculinist movementà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦It pushed femininity in the closet. (Walsh) That statement seems pretty accurate. Feminism did not encourage women to be more feminine. It encouraged women to be like men. Women were supposed to have the same jobs as men and achieve the same success. To many women, this was a good thing, but to others it was not. Walsh comments that women who liked their traditional role were hurt by that. They were then told that their job was not as important as a woman who works outside the home (Walsh). The feminist movement seemed to start because women said they were unsatisfied being housewives. If that is true, then women should be happier now because they are pursuing careers. However, according to a poll done by ClubMom, a free national membership organization for moms, the results are the exact opposite. Working moms and stay-at-home moms were asked to rate various aspects of their life and to grade their overall satisfaction with life. Working moms rated A thirty three percent of the time while stay-at-home moms rated A fifty two percent of the time. They also rated their job as a mom. Stay-at-home moms gave themselves an A fifty one percent of the time while working moms only did forty five percent of the time. Interestingly just eight percent of moms would continue to work full time if they did not have to worry about finances (New Poll). F. Carolyn Graglia, author of Domestic Tranquility: A Brief Against Feminism, also writes about the many ironies of feminism. Betty Friedan, Kate Millett, Germaine Greer and Gloria Steinem were some of the leading womens rights movement leaders in the 1960s. They did not support womens roles as a wife and mother, but Betty Friedan was the only one who had been a wife and mother (Graglia 13-14). It seems that the women should not speak against something they have never experienced. Maybe they wanted others to choose what they had chosen to make their choices more acceptable. Friedan did decide to divorce because she believed that she could not tell women to not get married while she herself was still in the awful institution. She claims that marriage destroyed [her] self-respect. (Graglia 13) Some women still believe that women can be more satisfied caring for their children opposed to having a successful career. Suzanne Venker writes in Feminsm:Opposing Viewpoint about why she believed a woman should choose to stay home. She was an English teacher and then a full time mom. Venker argues that women seem to be unhappy in the workplace. She cites that people have spent over five hundred million dollars on self-help books in 1999 (Finsanisk). Another source says that women count for ninety percent of self-help (Smith). So the vast majority of the self-help books were sold to women. Venker believes that if careers were truly fulfilling women like they are supposedly supposed to do, then people would not need to buy so many self-help books (Finsanick). Obviously, feminism had a tremendous impact on society. Women achieved the right to vote, have equal jobs, and own property. Many countries had women political leaders, and there were more females than males in many higher institutions. In the U.S., a woman ran for president and another almost became vice president. Husbands and wives also began to split the work more evenly in earning money, taking care of children, and maintaining the house (Feminism). Television changed from June Cleaver vacuuming in high heeled shoes to Clair Huxtable managing a house and her career as a lawyer. It gave women the opportunity to pursue a good career if that is what they wanted, or if they needed to due to finances. With all the changes that many believed to be positive, there were negative as well. Whether feminists intended for it to happen or not, the feminist movement, especially the radical one, brought about some negative consequences. The early feminists choices affected everyone. The feminist movement affected womens choices. The feminist seemed to focus on equality and women getting to have a choice. They wanted women to be able to choose to be a doctor or architect if that is what she wanted. But when women were given the right to a successful career, it almost became expected of them. Rebecca Scarlett said it like this, Suddenly, women were no longer allowed to choose. Suddenly women had to be everything they had always been, and be everything men had always been, as well, or they would have to feel inadequate and ashamed! (Scarlett) Now women who choose to stay home and take care of her children and house, are viewed as being lazy. People might think she is not smart enough hold or pursue another job (Scarlett). Feminists choices hurt womens right to choose. Sometimes people experience consequences as the result of their choices, and other times one must make a choice based on the consequences of choices made by the people around them. That is what many women have to do now. Radical feminists choose to devalue a womans role with her children and household. The consequences were that women are expected to pursue a career and now many women must make a choice: do they follow the feminist way or choose to take a different path. After she makes the choice she must see if her choices were worth the consequences. Other times women are forced to make choices whether they want to or not. Some mothers must work due to economic status or single parent homes. But many things are affected by the womans choice whether it was voluntary or necessary. In the article in the book Feminsm, Venker cites Dr. Phil by saying Life is about tough choices. I never encountered a successful person who didnt have to sacrifice in one area of her life to be successful in another. If you put more into your career, kids and family suffer; if you put more into family, career suffers. Thats the bottom line. (Finsanick) In spite of the feminist encouraging women to seek employment outside the home many women are still choosing to stay home. In fact, in 2005 there were about 5.6 million stay-at-home moms (The U.S. Census Bureau) So, why would a woman choose to go to PTA meetings and change diapers when she could be a doctor or lawyer? It seems that women are realizing that it is hard to do it all. They are deciding to put their careers on hold for a few years while they focus on their family. Iris Krasnow is an example of a woman who quit her job to stay home with her children. Krasnow has written a book about her journey entitled Surrendering to Motherhood about her journey. Glenn T. Stanton sums up her book in his article Two Women Tell All. Iris Krasnow grew up in the radical feminist period. She was an extremely successful journalist for UPI interviewing some of the most famous and interesting people in the world. Krasnow achieved the feminist goal but she was still empty. She began seeking different things to bring her fulfillment. She later married and they decided to have children. Krasnow and her husband wanted to have four [children] by forty and they did (Stanton). She then tried to have it all by pursuing her career and taking care of her family. Krasnow did this because she believed that her career gave her value and she could not imagine life without it (Stanton). One day when she was feeding her fours boy and surrounded by a mess, she realized something: There are no shackles in their house, this is no jail. These kids are your ticket to freedom like nothing you have ever tasted, the kind that is not hinged on TV appearances or writing for Life magazine or being a size 6 again. Its the liberation that comes from the sheer act of living itself. When you stop to be where you are, then your life can really begin I realized for the first time in my life I was exactly where I was supposed to be. (Krasnow 157) Iris Krasnow thought that she could have it all, but she realized that the choices she was making were not the best for her family and children. Her choices were based on what she believed was best for her family and what brought her personal fulfillment. She believes that surrendering to motherhood was the most liberating and powerful thing she had ever done in her life. (Krasnow 2-3) In F. Carolyn Graglias book she explores how feminism has hurt women and families and why she chose to stay home. Glenn Stanton also summarizes the book. Graglia grew up with a single mother and was poor. She decided the ticket out of poverty was to become a lawyer. After college Graglia obtained a job at a Wall Street law firm in the 1950s. At that time it was not common for a woman to have a career like that. She had a successful career until she chose to stay at home when her first child was born. Graglia was not forced to do it; she did it because she wanted to. Like others she chose the choice that wasnt popular. She chose to be a stay-at-home mom in the 1960s and 1970s. Graglia says that people were much more accepting of her choice to be a lawyer in the 1950s than they were of her choice to be a stay-at-home mom (Stanton). She believes that feminism robbed women of their surest source of fulfillment. (Graglia inside cover) She also believes that feminism tried to tell women th at their job as a mother and wife were not valuable. Candace Cameron Bure is another example of a woman who quit her job to stay home with her children. She is best known for her role as D.J. Tanner on Full House. She has also appeared on other T.V. shows, T.V. movies, and feature films. In 1996 she married Valeri Bure, who is now a retired hockey player. After she got married she decided to postpone her career to raise a family (Career) When doors were not opening for her in acting she believed it was God telling her to stay home. Bure considers it a great privilege to stay home (Rice). She counter argues what society tells women, Our society says, Work! Make more money! The career is great! But stay-at-home moms, youre so not cool. Get going. But theyre wrong. I thank God, who alone is able to keep our hearts in the right place. (Rice) After taking a break from her acting career she has returned to acting. Bure has been in several movies and plays Summer Van Horn on ABC Familys Make It Or Break It. (Career) People still vary greatly on the opinion if moms should work outside the home. People seem to judge others choices strongly. Parents and mothers, in particular are judged for every choice they make. They are judged from what they feed their children to where they send them to school. A womans choice to stay at home or pursue a career is not judged any less. No matter what the woman chooses, she will be judged for it. Some may agree with her choice and others may tell her that she made the wrong choice. Some people believe that people are becoming more accepting of whatever choice a woman decides to make. Women on either side of the issue know that each family must decide what choice is best for them. In the article Mothers Who Chose to Stay Home Elizabeth Drew School who made the choice to stay home does not judge the choices of other women. Her choice to stay home was best for her family (Gardner). The choices that a person makes also depend on the culture and expectations that a person was raised with. According to Jolene Ivey in the black culture staying home is not readily accepted. Since the civil rights movement gave them more rights to jobs and education, people did not think it was wise for them to reverse that. When Jolene Ivey decided to stay home with her children she felt like she was alone among her black friends. She then decided to start a support group called Mocha Moms to support black women wanting to stay home (Gardner). When a person has support and encouragement around them it makes his or her choices much easier. Some mothers choose to stay home because they realize their job will not accommodate their new lifestyle. Elizabeth Scholl is an example of that. She had a masters degree and was very career focused. She even planned having a baby around a project. When she learned that her employer was only going to grant her six weeks of maternity leave she knew that she would not be ready to leave her baby at that time. Scholl said that babies dont even hold their head up by six weeks. She requested to work part time, but her job would not allow it. Then she decided to quit. Scholl says that it was truly the hardest decision Ive ever made. But I came to the realization that these jobs are going to be there when I go back to work. (Gardner) Adjusting to being at home was very difficult for her in the beginning (Gardner). Many jobs are not very accommodating for mothers. Some careers do not allow women to work part time or to work from home. Also many times when families calculate child care expenses and taxes women are not making enough to justify working (Gardner). Women have many reasons as to why they choose to stay home in spite of the feminist movement telling women to pursue a career. Part of it is a cycle. Women decided that they wanted to alter their lifestyle. They chose to pursue careers and devalue being a housewife. That also resulted with women being unhappy. Because of that some women still decided to choose to stay home. Many women sacrifice their career in order to stay at home with their child. Whether they are quitting their job as a desk clerk, actress, or lawyer, many women are realizing how difficult it is to balance a career with family. Women are being set free by realizing they do not have to do it all. They can be fulfilled by being a wife and mother. Many women believe their choice to stay home is well worth it.

The Beer Industry :: GCSE Business Marketing Coursework

The Beer Industry Industry & Competitive Analysis CHIEF ECONOMIC TRAITS OF THE BEER INDUSTRY The market size of the beer industry is incredible. The wholesale volume in the beer industry is approxiametly $13.7 billion. The industry employes almost 40,000 people. The average worker is paid about $18.27 an hour. As you can see, this is a very large industry which provides many jobs to the american workforce. The market consists of many competitors, some being very large and some operating on a very small scale. The competitive rivalry is broken up into three segments, Natiional, Regional , and Microbrewers. National competitors have a wide market coverage and generally a large company. Regional competitors are smaller than National in the fact that they only distribute in certain regions. Microbrewers are the smallest of the three because their size and capacity limit them to only distribute to small geographic areas. The market growth rate of the beer industry is perplexing. In domestic brands, from 1983 to 1984 there has been a decline in consumption of -1.2%. In the imported section there has been an increase of 14.3%. The total industry as a whole declined .7% from 1983 to 1984. As a result of the decline in consumption of beer a similar result in production occurred with a decline of 1.2% The estimated forecast for 1985 will continue along the same trend as did 1984. The long term outlook for the industry is that sales will remain flat for the next 10 to 20 years. There are many companies in the industry. Through the years the industry has slimmed down quite a bit. The National market consists of ten major competitors. The Competitors in this market are Anheuser-Busch, Miller, Stroh, G. Heileman, Adolphs Coors, Pabst, Genesee, C. Schmidt, Falstaff, and Pittsburgh. The National companies have 51 plant locations across the United States. Market share in the Domestic market ranges from a low of .5% to a high of 34%. The Import market consists mainly of ten major brands also. They are Heineken(Netherlands), Molson(Canada), Beck's(Germany), Moosehead(Canada), Labatt(Canada), St. Pauli Girl(Germany), Dos Equis(Mexico), Foster's Lager(Australia), Amstel Light(Netherlands), and Corona(Mexico). These ten brands hold about 87% of the imported market share. The individual companies range in market share from 34% on down.

Understanding Albert Camus The Plague :: Albert Camus Plague Essays

Understanding The Plague  Ã‚   The Plague, written by Albert Camus, is a triumph of literary craft. Camus created a commentary on the way humans react to trying situations and circumstances in his fictional city of Oran in North Africa. The reader is presented with Oran as a city of several hundred thousand people. All of whom seem to take life for granted. The people of Oran ar constantly driven by business or money and only stop for life's finer pleasures on the weekends. A fairly accurate parallel to today's world. When an outbreak of plague begins in Oran, nobody pays attention at first. When the problem becomes too big to be ignored, the city is taken somewhat by surprise and placed under quarantine. The city remains isolated from the outside world for over a year, and when the outbreak reaches its peak, hundreds are dying every day. The main characters in the story are Dr. Rieux, Cottard, Tarrou, Grand, and Rambert. Rieux is the narrator (although he does not reveal himself as the narrator until the end of the story). Through Rieux's eyes and Tarrou's Journal entries , Camus depicts a personal and completely lifelike view of a major catastrophe. The was Camus creates such a quiet masterpiece of literature is not by reading death statistics and important events; it is by his focus on the individuals involved in the crisis. The most striking feature of the novel is actually very sublime. The way Camus approaches the unthinkable catastrophe of the plague is actually the opposite of the way the media in society today reports and enjoys to hear about such catastrophes. It is much easier to deal with disasters in numbers. Today's public wants to hear a comforting '250 dead today' instead of hearing about the people who died agonizing deaths and the people who love them, being forced into quarantine before the bodies are cold. Camus forces the reader to see the brutal realities of the plague, not merely in blood and gore, but also in the subtle and profound changes that occur in the people of Oran. The way Camus does this is by his never-ceasing emphasis on individual people and not the masses of the town as a whole. At the beginning of the novel, people were reluctant to recognize the plague as something that would change their lives. They thought it was simply a passing inconvenience.

Slave Trade

History Hon. Document Based Question Essay For years people have blamed Europeans of the Early Modern Period for slavery, when truly it was not. At the very beginning of it all, lies the African businessman of the Early Modern Period. He just wants to make money, even if that means selling his own kind. That is the part people in history today forget, that Africans were sold by their own blood. Europeans during this time we’re searching for wealth; gold, silver, cotton, tobacco, etc. What they lacked was the workforce to harvest all these items.The government or Gobroon Dynasty, our businessmen, seized the opportunity that was in front of them. Essentially, the Atlantic Slave Trade in Western Africa really boomed between 1650 and 1850 when the demand for slaves seemed to increase daily, according the Journal of African History. Acquiring slaves had gone from peaceful and civilized to aggressive and militarized. As stated in the Cambridge University press in 2000, society had f ound it acceptable to raid for supplies that could be used to buy slaves and slaves only.The blame for Slavery can be placed on the natural human desire for wealth and power, which is essentially greed. When a human has the desire for wealth, they will try to obtain it by any means necessary. Even if a human has to sell their own flesh and blood, the only thing that matters is wealth. The participation of Africans in slave trade was voluntary; Europeans could have gotten their slaves from China or India or Mexico or anywhere else with an abundant workforce. In compliance with the Cambridge University Press in 1992, Europeans did not force the African leaders to sell slaves; they made that choice on their own.The mainstream view of slavery is what went on in the plantations of southern America, what usually does not get as much attention is what the Africans went through before they set foot on the boat. More than often, the enslaved Africans would spend an average of 11 weeks aboard the ship before living the inhumane life of a slave for the rest of their existence, according to The Cost of Coercion: African Agency in the Pre-Modern Atlantic World written by Stephen D. Behrendt, David Eltis and David Richardson. That point of the process is crucial in determining how the slave would be treated during the trip and on the plantation.For example, if a slave was to lead a revolt while sailing aboard the ship, the slave trader could make sure that when the time comes to sell the leader of the revolt, he would be sold to a very cruel master. In accordance to recent articles, views of the Atlantic Slave Trade in Western Africa are starting to shift toward the very root of the industry. People are not so much looking at what happened in the United States of America but mostly at things up until that point. After reviewing all the articles, I can see how important what happened before the boat ride is important.